Roman Numeral Converter
Convert standard numbers into ancient Roman Numerals. Great for checking copyright dates on movies, reading historical monuments, or learning Latin notation.
Roman Notation
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I1
V5
X10
L50
C100
D500
M1000
The Rules of the Romans
Roman numerals are based on seven symbols. They follow an additive principle (like VIII for 8) and a subtractive principle (like IV for 4). Generally, you cannot place more than three of the same symbol in a row; instead, you subtract the smaller value from the larger one next to it.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is the limit 3,999? +
Standard Roman numerals don't have a single character for numbers larger than 1,000 (M). To write 4,000 and above, ancient Romans used a "vinculum" (a bar over the letter) to multiply values by 1,000, which is difficult to display in standard text.
Is there a zero in Roman numerals? +
No. The Roman numeral system was developed for counting and trade, and they did not have a symbol for "nothing" or zero. The concept of zero as a placeholder was introduced to Europe much later.
How do subtractive rules work? +
Only power-of-ten symbols (I, X, C) can be used for subtraction. I can subtract from V and X. X can subtract from L and C. C can subtract from D and M.
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